Java : Comparator con ejemplos
Comparator (Java SE 21 & JDK 21) en Java con ejemplos.
Encontrará ejemplos de código en la mayoría de los métodos de Comparator<T>.
Nota :
- Este artículo puede utilizar software de traducción para su comodidad. Consulte también la versión original en inglés.
Summary
See also : Comparable
record Sample(String text, int num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %d)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var comparator = new Comparator<Sample>() {
@Override
public int compare(Sample o1, Sample o2) {
if (!o1.text().equals(o2.text())) {
return o1.text().compareTo(o2.text());
} else {
return o1.num() - o2.num();
}
}
};
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("bbb", 2), new Sample("bbb", 3), new Sample("bbb", 1),
new Sample("aaa", 3), new Sample("aaa", 1), new Sample("aaa", 2)
);
// [(bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1), (aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2)]
System.out.println(list);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (aaa, 3), (bbb, 1), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3)]
System.out.println(sorted);
Methods
int compare (T o1, T o2)
record Sample(String text, int num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %d)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var comparator = new Comparator<Sample>() {
@Override
public int compare(Sample o1, Sample o2) {
if (!o1.text().equals(o2.text())) {
return o1.text().compareTo(o2.text());
} else {
return o1.num() - o2.num();
}
}
};
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("bbb", 2), new Sample("bbb", 3), new Sample("bbb", 1),
new Sample("aaa", 3), new Sample("aaa", 1), new Sample("aaa", 2)
);
// [(bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1), (aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2)]
System.out.println(list);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (aaa, 3), (bbb, 1), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3)]
System.out.println(sorted);
static <T, U extends Comparable<? super U>> Comparator<T> comparing (Function<? super T,? extends U> keyExtractor)
record Sample(String textA, String textB) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %s)".formatted(textA, textB);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("ddd", "W"), new Sample("ccc", "X"),
new Sample("bbb", "Z"), new Sample("aaa", "Y")
);
// [(ddd, W), (ccc, X), (bbb, Z), (aaa, Y)]
System.out.println(list);
{
final var keyExtractor = new Function<Sample, String>() {
@Override
public String apply(Sample sample) {
return sample.textA();
}
};
final var comparator = Comparator.comparing(keyExtractor);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, Y), (bbb, Z), (ccc, X), (ddd, W)]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
final var comparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::textB);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(ddd, W), (ccc, X), (aaa, Y), (bbb, Z)]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
static <T, U> Comparator<T> comparing (Function<? super T,? extends U> keyExtractor, Comparator<? super U> keyComparator)
record Sample(String text, int num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %d)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("ccc", 2), new Sample("DDD", 1),
new Sample("aaa", 4), new Sample("BBB", 3)
);
// [(ccc, 2), (DDD, 1), (aaa, 4), (BBB, 3)]
System.out.println(list);
{
// Compares two strings lexicographically, ignoring case differences.
final var comparator = Comparator.comparing(
Sample::text, String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 4), (BBB, 3), (ccc, 2), (DDD, 1)]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
// Compares two strings lexicographically.
final var comparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::text);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(BBB, 3), (DDD, 1), (aaa, 4), (ccc, 2)]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
static <T> Comparator<T> comparingDouble (ToDoubleFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(double num, String text) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%.1f, %s)".formatted(num, text);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample(2.0, "ccc"), new Sample(3.0, "bbb"),
new Sample(4.0, "aaa"), new Sample(1.0, "ddd")
);
// [(2.0, ccc), (3.0, bbb), (4.0, aaa), (1.0, ddd)]
System.out.println(list);
final var comparator = Comparator.comparingDouble(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(1.0, ddd), (2.0, ccc), (3.0, bbb), (4.0, aaa)]
System.out.println(sorted);
static <T> Comparator<T> comparingInt (ToIntFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(int num, String text) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%d, %s)".formatted(num, text);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample(2, "ccc"), new Sample(3, "bbb"),
new Sample(4, "aaa"), new Sample(1, "ddd")
);
// [(2, ccc), (3, bbb), (4, aaa), (1, ddd)]
System.out.println(list);
final var comparator = Comparator.comparingInt(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(1, ddd), (2, ccc), (3, bbb), (4, aaa)]
System.out.println(sorted);
static <T> Comparator<T> comparingLong (ToLongFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(long num, String text) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%d, %s)".formatted(num, text);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample(20000000000L, "ccc"), new Sample(30000000000L, "bbb"),
new Sample(40000000000L, "aaa"), new Sample(10000000000L, "ddd")
);
// [(20000000000, ccc), (30000000000, bbb), (40000000000, aaa), (10000000000, ddd)]
System.out.println(list);
final var comparator = Comparator.comparingLong(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(10000000000, ddd), (20000000000, ccc), (30000000000, bbb), (40000000000, aaa)]
System.out.println(sorted);
boolean equals (Object obj)
final var comparator1 = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
final var comparator2 = Comparator.<String>reverseOrder();
System.out.println(comparator1.equals(comparator2)); // false
static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> Comparator<T> naturalOrder ()
final var comparator = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
final var list = List.of("ccc", "ddd", "aaa", "bbb");
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
System.out.println(list); // [ccc, ddd, aaa, bbb]
System.out.println(sorted); // [aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd]
static <T> Comparator<T> nullsFirst (Comparator<? super T> comparator)
final var list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("ccc");
list.add("ddd");
list.add(null);
list.add("aaa");
list.add("bbb");
// [ccc, ddd, null, aaa, bbb]
System.out.println(list);
final var comparator = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
{
final var nullsFirstComparator = Comparator.nullsFirst(comparator);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(nullsFirstComparator).toList();
// [null, aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
final var nullsLastComparator = Comparator.nullsLast(comparator);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(nullsLastComparator).toList();
// [aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd, null]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
try {
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
System.out.println("NullPointerException!");
}
// Result
// ↓
//NullPointerException!
}
static <T> Comparator<T> nullsLast (Comparator<? super T> comparator)
final var list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("ccc");
list.add("ddd");
list.add(null);
list.add("aaa");
list.add("bbb");
// [ccc, ddd, null, aaa, bbb]
System.out.println(list);
final var comparator = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
{
final var nullsFirstComparator = Comparator.nullsFirst(comparator);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(nullsFirstComparator).toList();
// [null, aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
final var nullsLastComparator = Comparator.nullsLast(comparator);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(nullsLastComparator).toList();
// [aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd, null]
System.out.println(sorted);
}
{
try {
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
System.out.println("NullPointerException!");
}
// Result
// ↓
//NullPointerException!
}
default Comparator<T> reversed ()
final var comparator = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
final var reversedComparator = comparator.reversed();
final var list = List.of("ccc", "ddd", "aaa", "bbb");
System.out.println(list); // [ccc, ddd, aaa, bbb]
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
final var reversedSorted = list.stream().sorted(reversedComparator).toList();
System.out.println(sorted); // [aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd]
System.out.println(reversedSorted); // [ddd, ccc, bbb, aaa]
static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> Comparator<T> reverseOrder ()
final var comparator = Comparator.<String>reverseOrder();
final var list = List.of("ccc", "ddd", "aaa", "bbb");
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
System.out.println(list); // [ccc, ddd, aaa, bbb]
System.out.println(sorted); // [ddd, ccc, bbb, aaa]
default Comparator<T> thenComparing (Comparator<? super T> other)
final var list = List.of("aaa", "bbb", "ccc", "b", "c", "a", "cc", "aa", "bb");
System.out.println(list); // [aaa, bbb, ccc, b, c, a, cc, aa, bb]
// Sorts the list by natural order.
final var naturalComparator = Comparator.<String>naturalOrder();
final var naturalSorted = list.stream().sorted(naturalComparator).toList();
System.out.println(naturalSorted); // [a, aa, aaa, b, bb, bbb, c, cc, ccc]
// Sorts the list by string length.
final var lengthComparator = Comparator.comparingInt(String::length);
final var lengthSorted = list.stream().sorted(lengthComparator).toList();
System.out.println(lengthSorted); // [b, c, a, cc, aa, bb, aaa, bbb, ccc]
// Sorts the list by string length and natural order.
final var comparator = lengthComparator.thenComparing(naturalComparator);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
System.out.println(sorted); // [a, b, c, aa, bb, cc, aaa, bbb, ccc]
default <U extends Comparable<? super U>> Comparator<T> thenComparing (Function<? super T,? extends U> keyExtractor)
record Sample(int num, String text) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%d, %s)".formatted(num, text);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample(2, "ccc"), new Sample(2, "bbb"), new Sample(2, "aaa"),
new Sample(1, "bbb"), new Sample(1, "ccc"), new Sample(1, "aaa")
);
// [(2, ccc), (2, bbb), (2, aaa), (1, bbb), (1, ccc), (1, aaa)]
System.out.println(list);
final var numComparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::num);
final var numSorted = list.stream().sorted(numComparator).toList();
// [(1, bbb), (1, ccc), (1, aaa), (2, ccc), (2, bbb), (2, aaa)]
System.out.println(numSorted);
final var comparator = numComparator.thenComparing(Sample::text);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(1, aaa), (1, bbb), (1, ccc), (2, aaa), (2, bbb), (2, ccc)]
System.out.println(sorted);
default <U> Comparator<T> thenComparing (Function<? super T,? extends U> keyExtractor, Comparator<? super U> keyComparator)
record Sample(int num, String text) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%d, %s)".formatted(num, text);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample(2, "ccc"), new Sample(2, "BBB"), new Sample(2, "aaa"),
new Sample(1, "bbb"), new Sample(1, "CCC"), new Sample(1, "AAA")
);
// [(2, ccc), (2, BBB), (2, aaa), (1, bbb), (1, CCC), (1, AAA)]
System.out.println(list);
final var numComparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::num);
final var numSorted = list.stream().sorted(numComparator).toList();
// [(1, bbb), (1, CCC), (1, AAA), (2, ccc), (2, BBB), (2, aaa)]
System.out.println(numSorted);
final var comparator = numComparator.thenComparing(
Sample::text, String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(1, AAA), (1, bbb), (1, CCC), (2, aaa), (2, BBB), (2, ccc)]
System.out.println(sorted);
default Comparator<T> thenComparingDouble (ToDoubleFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(String text, double num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %.1f)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("bbb", 2.0), new Sample("bbb", 3.0), new Sample("bbb", 1.0),
new Sample("aaa", 3.0), new Sample("aaa", 1.0), new Sample("aaa", 2.0)
);
// [(bbb, 2.0), (bbb, 3.0), (bbb, 1.0), (aaa, 3.0), (aaa, 1.0), (aaa, 2.0)]
System.out.println(list);
final var textComparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::text);
final var textSorted = list.stream().sorted(textComparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 3.0), (aaa, 1.0), (aaa, 2.0), (bbb, 2.0), (bbb, 3.0), (bbb, 1.0)]
System.out.println(textSorted);
final var comparator = textComparator.thenComparingDouble(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 1.0), (aaa, 2.0), (aaa, 3.0), (bbb, 1.0), (bbb, 2.0), (bbb, 3.0)]
System.out.println(sorted);
default Comparator<T> thenComparingInt (ToIntFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(String text, int num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %d)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("bbb", 2), new Sample("bbb", 3), new Sample("bbb", 1),
new Sample("aaa", 3), new Sample("aaa", 1), new Sample("aaa", 2)
);
// [(bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1), (aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2)]
System.out.println(list);
final var textComparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::text);
final var textSorted = list.stream().sorted(textComparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1)]
System.out.println(textSorted);
final var comparator = textComparator.thenComparingInt(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (aaa, 3), (bbb, 1), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3)]
System.out.println(sorted);
default Comparator<T> thenComparingLong (ToLongFunction<? super T> keyExtractor)
record Sample(String text, long num) {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(%s, %d)".formatted(text, num);
}
}
final var list = List.of(
new Sample("bbb", 2), new Sample("bbb", 3), new Sample("bbb", 1),
new Sample("aaa", 3), new Sample("aaa", 1), new Sample("aaa", 2)
);
// [(bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1), (aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2)]
System.out.println(list);
final var textComparator = Comparator.comparing(Sample::text);
final var textSorted = list.stream().sorted(textComparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 3), (aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3), (bbb, 1)]
System.out.println(textSorted);
final var comparator = textComparator.thenComparingLong(Sample::num);
final var sorted = list.stream().sorted(comparator).toList();
// [(aaa, 1), (aaa, 2), (aaa, 3), (bbb, 1), (bbb, 2), (bbb, 3)]
System.out.println(sorted);
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